Excerpt: This post answers the questions “Why is Jhelum called Hydaspes? Why Jhelum is called Hydaspes? Why gave Jhelum the name Hydaspes?”
In the northern part of Pakistan flows a river with deep historical significance. This river has not only sustained life and agriculture for centuries but has also been a silent witness to numerous historical events and battles. Its name carries stories from ancient times, connecting the present with the rich tapestry of the past. Have you ever wondered why this river is known by a name that seems unusual for its region?
Why is Jhelum Called Hydaspes?
The river known today as the Jhelum holds an ancient name that dates back to the time of Alexander the Great. The story behind the name “Hydaspes” is a fascinating tale that intertwines history, legend, and cultural reverence.
Alexander the Great and Bucephalus
In the 4th century BCE, Alexander the Great embarked on an ambitious campaign to conquer lands far and wide, reaching the Indian subcontinent. During this campaign, Alexander encountered a fierce battle on the banks of the Jhelum River. This battle, known as the Battle of the Hydaspes, was fought against King Porus, a local ruler who put up a valiant resistance.
One of the notable aspects of Alexander’s campaign was his deep bond with his horse, Bucephalus. Bucephalus was no ordinary horse; he was a loyal companion and a symbol of Alexander’s strength and bravery. After the fierce battle on the banks of the Jhelum, Alexander established a city near the river in 326 BCE, naming it Bucephala in honor of his beloved horse.
The Name “Hydaspes”
The ancient historians who chronicled Alexander’s campaigns often referred to the river as “Hydaspes.” This name is thought to have been used by the Greeks to describe the river. The term “Hydaspes” itself has intrigued historians and linguists, leading to various interpretations of its meaning.
Some historians suggest that “Hydaspes” means “reaching a horse” or “as high as a horse.” These interpretations highlight the reverence and significance that Alexander and his followers placed on Bucephalus. The name “Hydaspes” reflects the deep bond between Alexander and his horse, symbolizing the horse’s importance in the campaign and the battle fought on the river’s banks.
Cultural Reverence and Historical Significance
The naming of the Jhelum River as Hydaspes is a testament to the cultural reverence that ancient societies had for their animals, particularly horses. In many ancient civilizations, horses were symbols of power, loyalty, and nobility. The story of Bucephalus and the naming of Hydaspes encapsulate these values, highlighting the deep connection between humans and their animal companions.
The History and Significance of Jhelum
Ancient Roots
The Jhelum River, known as Vitasta in ancient Sanskrit texts, has been a crucial part of the region’s history for millennia. It is mentioned in the Rigveda, one of the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism, highlighting its significance in early Indian civilization.
Lifeline of the Region
The Jhelum River has been a lifeline for the communities living along its banks. Its waters have supported agriculture, trade, and daily life for countless generations. The fertile plains of the Punjab region owe much of their productivity to the river’s nourishing waters.
Modern-Day Importance
Today, the Jhelum River continues to play a vital role in the lives of the people of Pakistan. It is a key source of irrigation for agriculture, ensuring the region’s food security. Additionally, the river is harnessed for hydroelectric power generation, contributing to the country’s energy needs.
Historical Sites and Landmarks
The banks of the Jhelum River are dotted with historical sites and landmarks that reflect its rich past. The ancient city of Jhelum, after which the river is named, is a testament to the region’s historical significance. The city has witnessed the rise and fall of various empires and has been a center of trade and culture for centuries.
The story of why the Jhelum River is called Hydaspes is a captivating tale that spans centuries and cultures. Named in honor of Alexander the Great’s beloved horse, Bucephalus, the name Hydaspes reflects the deep reverence that ancient societies had for their animal companions. This ancient name also commemorates the historical events that took place on the river’s banks, linking the present-day Jhelum with its rich past.
The Jhelum River, with its ancient origins and enduring importance, continues to be a vital part of the landscape and the lives of the people who call its banks home. As we look to the future, the legacy of the Jhelum River and its ancient name, Hydaspes, will undoubtedly continue to shape the region.
Source: To ensure the accuracy and authenticity of the information provided, the following sources were referenced:
History of Jhelum – Wikipedia
